Almost all longcase clocks use a seconds pendulum (also called a "Royal" pendulum ) meaning that each swing (or half-period) takes one second. These consumed less power allowing clocks to run longer between windings, caused less friction and wear in the movement, and were more accurate. The anchor mechanism reduced the pendulum's swing to around 4° to 6°, allowing clockmakers to use longer pendulums, which had slower "beats". Lateral view of a Timothy Mason longcase clock movement with striking mechanism, circa 1730 Today they are kept mainly for their decorative and antique value, having been widely replaced by both analog and digital timekeeping. Until the early 20th century, pendulum clocks were the world's most accurate timekeeping technology, and longcase clocks, due to their superior accuracy, served as time standards for households and businesses. The English clockmaker William Clement is credited with the development of this form in 1670. The case often features elaborately carved ornamentation on the hood (or bonnet), which surrounds and frames the dial, or clock face. Clocks of this style are commonly 1.8–2.4 metres (6–8 feet) tall with an enclosed pendulum and weights suspended by either cables or chains which have to be calibrated occasionally to keep the proper time. This clock is on display in The Prince of Wales Museum in Mumbai and was donated by Dorab Tata.Ī grandfather clock (also a longcase clock, tall-case clock, grandfather's clock, or floor clock) is a tall, freestanding, weight-driven pendulum clock with the pendulum held inside the tower or waist of the case.
The lower part of the case depicts mythological scenes and the case was manufactured at the Madras School of Arts. The front and the side panels are done in metal repoussé work with floral meanders. The original long-case was also replaced by a mandapa-shaped wooden carved case done in South Indian style. The original dial of this clock was replaced by a brass dial with Tamil numerals, perhaps around the same time as the case. This example dates back to 1700 and the case to late 19th – early 20th century CE.
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